Chuck controlling mechanism



Sept. 18, 1934. L. E. WHlTON I CHUCK CONTROLLING MECHANISM 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed March 13, 1926 Sept. 18, 1934. 1,, E.WHlTON 1,974,385

' I CHUCK CONTROLLING MECHANISM Original Filed March 15, 192 2Sheets-Sheet 2 s 37 13 l4 -2 212 17 Z8 15 [a 3 \l I Y I8 20 6 l 25' I6 1y 2 2 9 3 y 3 3,6 Y Z5 M v 6 a? f T I Patented Sept. 18, 1934 can soSTATES;

CHUCK CONTROLLING MECHANISM Lucius E. Whiton, New London, Conn.

Application March 13,

1926, Serial No. 94,471

Renewed July 25, 1932 65' Claims.

My invention relates to chuck controlling mechanisms.

It has for its object to provide an improved power operated opening andclosing" mechanism 1. for a power driven chuck. A further object of myinvention is to provide such an improved mechanism having improveddriving and controllingconnections whereby the opening and closingmechanism-is both operated by power and controlled in an improvedmanner. Another object of my invention is to provide animprovedmechanism of the'character described and broadly claimed,

inmy copending application Serial No. 94,470 filed March 13, 1926 andone wherein it is made possible to drive the opening and closingmechanism in an improved manner by power and obtain greater momentum andutilize the latter more effectively to supply the initial orfinal powerurge or tug heretoforeonly obtainable -manually"and 20' which is ofgreat importance in the opening and closing operations of the chuckjaws.

proved control-ling mechanism and more-particularly improved automaticcontrolling mechanism 2 including improved automatic mechanism forclosing mechanism and the Theseand other objects and advantages of mydisconnecting the power operated mechanism.

when the jaws of theclutch have moved a sufficient distance. 'A stillfurther object of my invention is to provide an improved mechanism ofthecharacter set forth having improved.revers-- ible friction clutchmechanism equipped with improved controllingmechanism therefor arrangedand cooperating with an improved arrangement of driving connectionsbetween the openingand driving means.

improved construction will, however, hereinafter more fully appear.

For purposes of illustration, I'have shown in the accompanying drawingsone embodiment which my invention may assume in practice. In thesedrawings,- r

' Figure l is an end elevation of the chuck carry Stillan other objectof my invention is to provide int-- the frictional mechanism therein,showing on an enlarged scale the omitted mechanism mentioned above;

Fig. 6 is a sectional View on line 6-6 ofFig.

4; and c Fig. 7is a detail sectional view on line 7-7 of Fig. 2.

In this illustrative construction I have shown my invention applied toa; single chuck lathe of the well known Reed-Prentice center drivetype,- my improved mechanism being mounted on thetop of the lathe frame1 on a. suitable frame-2 and operatively connected to the lathe chuck 3on the lathe spindle 3a, through improved power driven operativeconnections hereinafter described. Generally speaking, the constructionis such that the chuck 3, (preferably though not, necessarily of thetype described and claimedin: my co-pending application Serial No.61,173, filed Oct. 8, 1925, now Patent Number 1,713,796 granted May 21,1929), is adapted to open or close-the. chuck jaws 4 upon rotation inopposite direc-. tions of a spur gear 5 coaxial with'the chuck, thisgear 5 herein being rotated by power through these improved connectionsto open or close "the jaws as necessary.

In my improved construction, a separate else-- trio motor 6 ispreferably provided to-drive-the' power connections mentioned, thismotor-preferably being of a constant speed type adapted to stand asubstantial overload. While this motor. may be disposed in variouspositions, itis hereinshown to be mounted, as preferably, with itsaxis.perpendicular to the chuck axis andupon a bracket 7 suitably carried onthe back of the lathe frame 1, this arrangement being compact andconvenient. It will further be noted that the power for rotating thespur gear 5, and thereby opening or'closing the clutch jaws 4, is hereinnot directly applied to the gear-5, but instead applied thereto throughan upper intermediate.- gear 8 journ'aled on the frame 2 and meshingwith; both the spur gear Band an upper driving pinion 9 adapted to beconnected to the motor 6 through improved operative connectionscarriedbythe frame 2. Thus it will be noted that all need for disturbingthe mechanism of the lathe per se in order to obtain a power drive, isobviated; my ime proved mechanism herein being in the form ofattachments capable of being mounted on the. lathe frame withoutinterference with the lathe mechanism. I Referring more particularly tothe operative. connections between the motor 6 andtheopening and closingpinion 9, it will be noted .thatthe motor 6 carries a pinion 10 on theinner end of its armature shaft, which in turn is located below and isgeared to a large flywheel gear 11 of large mass and herein rotatable onan axis extending at right angles to the axis of the pinion 9. Herein,this gear 11 is carried on the protruding end of a shaft 13 which isdriven at high speed through the connections shown and journaled on thetop of the frame 2 in suitable bearings 14. This shaft 13 in turncarries a bevel pinion 15 on its opposite end. This pinion 15 is hereinalso adapted to be connected to a shaft 16" carrying the rotatableopeningand closing mem-- her 9, through frictional reversing mechanismdisposed coaXially of said shaft and operative to cause the member 9 tobe rotated inopposite directions to effect opening and closing of thechuck jaws.

Considering this reversing mechanism more in detail, it will be notedthat oppositely disposed bevel pinions 17 and 18 constantly meshing withthe bevel pinion 15, are disposed coaxially with the shaft 16, and thatthese pinions are journal ed in suitable bearings 19 and 20 on the frame2. Moreover, it will be noted that the hub of each of these bevelpinions 17, 18 is provided with reverse conical surfaces 21 and 22adapted, respectively, to cooperate with a cone 23 and a cone 24. Ofthese, the outer cones 23 are fixed for rotation with the shaft 16, asby keying, and are adjustable longitudinally of the shaft to provideadjustment for the amount of torque to be delivered by the drivingmember and to compensate for wear, the adjustment being effected bysuitable threaded colhereinafter described. Thus, it will be evidentthat when either frictional device is brought into operation, power willbe transmitted from the bevel pinion 15 to the shaft 16, and that thedirection of rotation of this shaft will depend upon which of thecooperating bevel pinions 17,18 is connected to the shaft.

Improved operating mechanism for the friction mechanism mentioned isalso provided. Herein, it will be noted that the shaft 16 is made in twoportions and that it has a connecting rack section 25 between itsportions, threaded into the adjacent ends of the latter, as at 26, andso disposed that the rack teeth are disposed vertically on oppositesides of the shaft. Cooperating with each set of these rack teeth isalso a pivoted segmental pawl or lever 27 having teeth 28 adapted toengage the teeth of its rack, these levers being pivoted intermediatetheir ends on trunnions 29 carried by the sleeve intermediate the endsof the latter. Moreover, it will be noted that each of these segmentallevers has backwardly extending winged portions 30, and that each leveris movable about its axis in a suitable cut-out portion 31 in thesleeve, so shaped as to permit a limited depression of either wing.Further, a sliding sleeve 32 herein surrounds both the sleeve carryingthe cones 24 and the levers 2'7; and this sleeve 32 engages the outerends of the so-called wings on the segmental levers 2'7. Thus, dependingupon the direction of movement of the sleeve 32, one wing or the otherof these levers is caused to be pressed in, and thereby causelongitudinal movement of either the sleeve carrying the cones 24 or theshaft 16 carrying the cones 23, in such manner as effectually to connectthe desired pinion 1'7, 18. Attention is here also directed. to the anddisposed parallel to the shaft 16.

oppositely acting eifect of the levers 27 on the cones on the sleeve andshaft, the construction being such that when the levers are moved out ofa predetermined central position the cones are actuated in oppositedirections.

Operatively associated with the sleeve 32 is also improved means forshifting the same longitudinally. These means herein assume the form ofa band or ring 33 surrounding the sleeve and Operatively connected to anextension 34 on a sliding clutch bar 35 slidable on the frame 2 Hereinthis bar 35 is also provided with rack teeth 36 on its outer edge, whichare in turn adapted to cooperate with teeth 37 on a segmental operatingmember having a handle 38 and pivoted at 39 on the frame 2; theconstruction being such that when the handle 38 is moved in eitherdirection about its pivot, the bar 35 and sleeve 32 are moved in theopposite direction to connect the:

desired bevel pinion 1'7, 18 to the shaft 16, while the segment 3'7 andrack teeth 36 enable a long range of adjustment in this improved type offriction and thehandle 38 exerts a powerful lever-- age.

I have also provided improved means for controlling the movement of thelever 38. These means herein assume the form of a pin or stud 40 carriedby the clutch bar 35 and projecting upward through a suitablelongitudinally disposed slot 41 in the frame 2. Herein, this stud 40engages and cooperates with suitable controlling stop screws 42, 43,likewise carried by the frame and adjustable to limit the movement ofthe clutch bar in accordance with the requirements of the work. Thus, itwill be evident that when the lever 38 is moved about its pivot, itstravel and the travel of the bar 35 and the connected friction mechanismwill be determined by the adjustment of the stop screws 42, 43. Inpractical operation these screws are normally so set as to enable agreater movement of the lever 38 and a consequent more full applicationof the friction when the shaft 16 and the pinion 9 are to be rotated torelease the jaws 4 of the clutch 3; more this shaft 44 is provided witha threaded end 48 rotating in a nut 49 slidably carried on the frame andhaving rack teeth 50 meshing with teeth 51. on a segmental member 52pivoted at 53 and extending therefrom transversely above the working endof the shaft 16. Herein this segmental member 52 also carries on theopposite of its pivot a bifurcated portion the arms 58 of which carryadjustable stop screws 54 adapted alternately to engage with a pin 55projecting upward from the adjacent end of the bar 35. Thus, it will benoted that the shaft 44 moves or travels synchronously with the jaws, i.e. in such a manner as to maintain a fixed or predetermined relation tothe movement of the chuck jaws, so that the ratio between the shaft andjaw movements is always the same. As a result, when the chuck jaws haveopened a sufficient distance, the pin 55 will be engaged by one of thestop screws 54 and automatically moved in the required direction todis--. connect the. friction mechanism and thereby interrupt ordisconnect thepower drive forthe opening and closing mechanism in suchmanner as to discontinue or interrupt further jaw move-. ment.

Provision is also made whereby if desired this stop mechanism may bedisconnected, the same herein assuming the form of a slip gear in thetrain 45, 46, 47. As shown, the gear 46 thereof is preferably slidablymounted on astud 56 carried by the frame in such manner that this gearmay be pulledout of mesh with its cooperating gears whenever desired,thereby disconnecting the automatic. knock-out. Further, it will benoted that provision is made. whereby the shaft 44 may be adjusted whenthe gear 46 is thus disengaged- To this end, a knurled end 57 isprovided on the end of this shaft carrying the screw 48, so that anydesired adjustment of the shaft, and consequent adjustment of theposition of the stop mechanism, may be made whenever desired.

In the operation of my improved mechanism,

- 1 it will be evident that the opening and closing member 9 may berotated in either direction depending upon the direction of movement ofthe lever. 38 about its pivot 39 and the consequent connection of thebevel pinionl? or its fellow 18 to the shaft 16. It will further beevident that the limits of movement of the lever will be determined bythe stop screws 42, 43 so that a predetermined greater grip of' thefriction may be obtained when rotating the member 9 to effect 5. openingof the clutch jaws 4 than is obtainable 'when the jaws are to be closed.Moreover,

through the provision of the flywheel gear ll carried on the high speedshaft 13, it will be evident that the momentum of this gear 11 assistsin overcoming'the resistance when the chuck jaws contact with the work,andthat, further, this same momentum is available to overcome thegripping strain of the chuck jaws and open the latter.' Thus, forexample, the momentum of the flywheel assists in closing the chuck jawsup to the point where the friction clutch slips, whereasin opening thejaws,'when by reason of the adjustment of the set screws 42 and 43greater power is made capable of being transmitted i through thefriction clutch, the momentum of the flywheel also helps to overcome thegripping strain on the chuck. Obviously, when the chuck jaws e, asdetermined by the amount of rotation of the pinion 9, have openedsufiiciently far, one

l of the stop screws 54 will be brought into engagement with the pin 55in such manner as to disconnect the driving friction and thereby stopthe.

shaft 16. It will of course be understood that when a chuck having anexpansible rather than 5 a contracting grip is used, the stop :screwswill be correspondingly adjusted.

In my improved construction it will be noted that, since I use aconstantly operating power source which is operable independently of thespeed of the spindle or chuck, there is no limitation of the mechanismto use at low speeds suitable for cutting metal, while the mechanism isalso operable regardless of'whether the spindle is operating. Whileobviously adaptedto be driven from any suitable power source and notlimited to use'with a separate motor, it will also be noted that in theillustrative constructions, it-is made unnecessary to connect theopening and closing mechanism to any part of the lathe drive, therebyproducing a mechanism which is capable of being viding, ineflectareservoir of additional power,

capable of being availed of at these moments .of maximum powerrequirement. More particularly, the flywheel supplements the action ofthe gear train by automatically supplying the additional energy ortorque then required and which in a manually operateddevice is suppliedby the powerful, muscular pull exerted by the operator as the final stepin closing the jaws or the first step in, releasing the same. It willalso be eve dent that the flywheel willso operate irrespec tive ofwhether a'directconnected motor drive is provided or the flywheel isdriven from any other suitable source of .power. Also, through theprovision of my improved friction mechanism, it will be evident that afriction'device is provided which is very satisfactory in its operation,the movement of either the shaft or' the sleeve result ing in a veryeffectual gripping action. At the same time, it will be evident that thetorque may be adjusted and wear may be readily taken up as necessary bysimply adjustingthe cones 23. As for the operating mechanism for thisfriction, it is also found that the plurality of segments operatingonopposite sides of the rack carried between the shaft sections provide 'aproperly balanced and strong construction while adjustment of the partswith a minimum of effort on the part of the operator and through'thedesired range, is obtained through the lever 38 and the connectedmechanism between the same and the sleeve 32. Itwill also be evidentthat through the provision of the automatic :knock-out mechanism. it ismade possible for'the' power to be disconnected automatically when thechuck jawshave opened to the desired degree, thereby assur ingdisconnecting of the power at the proper time independently of theoperator. It will also be evident that since the mechanism may be set tocause the jaws to open after moving through ti-ally speededunanyactuation on the part 01' the operator or mistakes on his part beingeliminated, and time alsobeing saved'as compared with those devices inwhich the jaws must move out to the ends of thejguides and thereencounter resistance before they are disconnected. It will also beevident that my invention is capable of use with chucks of other formsthan that described and claimed in my-patent, mentioned above. Forexample, my improved mechanism is adapted to use withjany type of chuckhaving a rotatable or revolvable actuz-iting member, whether the latteris required ;-to" make several revolutions, or a single revolution, oronly a part of a revolution, in order to effect a jaw adjustment in thedesired, direction. These and other. advantages of my improvedconstruction will, however, be .clearly apparent to those skilled in theart. I

While I havein this application specifically described one embodimentwhich my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood thatthe same is shown for purposes of illustration only, and that theinvention may be modified and embodied in various other forms withoutdeparting from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The combination with a lathe having a power driven spindle and achuck driven thereby and provided with jaw adjusting mechanism, of apower driven driving connection for said mechanism having a high speedflywheel rotatable by said connectionindependently of the speed of thelathe spindle and adapted to increase the impelling force of saiddriving connection.

2. In combination, a lathe having a power driven spindle and a chuckdriven thereby and provided with jaw adjusting mechanism, and a powerdriven train of driving connections for said mechanism including aflywheel adapted to increase the impelling force of said drivingconnections, means for rotating said flywheel at high speedindependently of the speed of the lathe spindle, and means for utilizingthe kinetic energy of said flywheel to assist the power train at thebeginning or end of reverse adjusting operations.

3. In combination, a lathe having a power driven spindle and a chuckthereon provided with adjustable jaw adjusting mechanism, and a powerdriven train of driving connections for said mechanism rotatable bypower independently of the speed of the lathe spindle and including aflywheel operative to assist the power train in a jaw adjustingoperation, and frictional controlling mechanism between said flywheeland said adjusting mechanism i. In combination, a lathe having a powerdriven spindle and a chuck thereon provided with revolvable jawadjusting mechanism, and a power driven train of driving connections forsaid mechanism located externally of said spindle out of the path ofstock fed to the chuck rotatable by power independently of the speed ofthe lathe spindle and including a flywheel operative to assist the powertrain in rotating said adjusting mechanism in either direction, andfrictionally controlled reversing mechanism between said flywheel andsaid adjusting mechanism.

5. In combination, a lathe having a power driven'spindle and a chuckdriven thereby provided with jaw adjusting mechanism, and power drivendriving connections for the latter operative to adjust said chuck jawsirrespective of whether or not the chuck is rotating and rotatable bypower independently of the chuck spindle and including a flywheel oflarge mass rotating at high speed and dominating said drivingconnections and mechanism for connecting said flywheel to the adjustingmechanism to assist in the operation of the latter.

6. In combination, a lathe having a power driven chuck provided with jawadjusting mechanism, and power driven driving connections for the latterrotatable by power independently of the power driving means for thechuck and including a flywheel of large mass, flywheel drivenconnections simultaneously rotating in opposite directions, and frictionmechanism for selectively connecting said connections to the adjustingmechanism having means for establishing difierent predetermined limitsfor gripping and releasing the work and manually adjustable controlmeans adjustable between said limits.

'7. In combination, a power driven chuck, jaw

adjusting mechanism therefor including a rotating member, and powerdriven means for moving said member about its axis comprising a flywheelof large mass dominating said means and constantly rotatingindependently of the chuck at high speed in one direction to storeenergy and frictional means for controlling said stored energy to supplyto said rotating member the additional different amounts of energyrequired when the chuck jaws engage or are released from the work.

8. The combination in a lathe having a rotatable chuck provided withjaws and jaw adjusting mechanism, 01 a power driven driving connectionfor said mechanism having a rotary power source and means for reverselyactuating said mechanism therefrom, and mechanical means connectible tosaid mechanism by said means and rotatable by said power source withsaid connection independently of the chuck for imparting additional hightorque initial or final jaw actuating movements to said mechanism whenthe chuck jaws release or engage the work.

9. The combination in a lathe having a power driven spindle and a chuckthereon provided with jaw adjusting mechanism, of a power driven drivingconnection for said mechanism having a high speed rotary power sourceand means for reversely actuating said mechanism therefrom, and rotatingmeans of large mass in said connection connectible by said means androtatable by said power source constantly in one direction at high speedindependently of the spindle speed for imparting suflicient additionalhigh torque initial or final jaw actuating tugs to said drivingconnection to overcome the resistance to jaw movement encountered whensaid chuck engages or releases the work.

10. In combination, a lathe having a power driven spindle and a chuckdriven thereby and provided with jaw adjusting mechanism, a constantlyrotating shaft rotatable by power independently of the speed of thelathe spindle irrespective of whether the latter is rotating orstationary, a flywheel constantly rotatablein one direction by saidshaft and likewise rotatable independently of the speed of the lathespindle, and means for selectively driving said jaw adjusting mechanismreversely from said shaft and transmitting to said mechanism theadditional initial or final tugs of said flywheel of different energywhen opening or closing said chuck. -11. In combination with a chuckhaving a coaxial rotatable jaw adjusting member, a rotatable opening andclosing member rotatable on an axis extending in the same direction asthe chuck axis and operatively connected to said jaw adjusting member, apower driven driving shaft rotatable on an axis at right angles to theaxis of said opening and closing member, and reversible drivingmechanism between said shaft and said opening and closing memberincluding a friction clutch having oppositely rotating friction elementsdisposed coaxially of said opening and closing member and controllingsaid mechanism and manually adjustable control means for adjusting saidfriction clutch. to selectively connect said elements. 7

12. In combination with a chuck having a coaxial rotatable jaw adjustingmember, a rotatable opening and closing member rotatable on an axisextending in the same direction as the chuck axis and operativelyconnected to said jaw adjusting member, a powerdriven shait rotatableonan axis at right anglesto the axis of said opening and closing member,and reversible driving mechanism between said shaft and said opening andclosing member including reverse gearing having oppositely rotatingmembersdisposed coaxially with saidopening and closing member and alsoincluding a friction clutch controlling said gearing and adapted topermit lostmotion between said shaft and opening and closing memberwhile transmitting power to the latter.

l3j-In a lathe, the combination of a chuck rotatable on a horizontalaxis, jaw adjusting mechanism therefor, reversing mechanism includingoppositely rotating gears disposed adjacent the chuck axis and havingtheir axes extending longitudinally of the latter and-means forselectively connecting said gears frictionally to said adjustingmechanism, and rotating means for said gears operative independently ofthe chuck and including a gear adjacent the chuck axis and driving saidgears in opposite directions, a shaft driving said gear-and disposedperpendicularly to the axis of the chuck and adjacent the latter, and aflywheel on said shaft. 1

14. In alathe,the combination of a chuck rotatable on a horizontal axis,jaw adjusting mechanism therefor, reversing mechanism includingoppositely rotating gears disposed above the chuck axis and having theiraxes extending longitudinally of the latter and means for-selectivelyconnecting said gears frictionally to said adjusting mechanism, rotatingmeans for said gears operative irrespective of whether or not thechuck'is rotating and including a gear above the chuck axis and drivingsaid gears in opposite directions, a shaft driving said gearand-disposed perpendicularly to the'axis of the chuck and above thelatter, and flywheel on said shaft, and controlling means for saidselectively connecting l means operative in timed relation to jawmovement and automatically operative to disconnect said connecting meansafter a predetermined jaw movement.

15. In a lathe, the combination of a chuck rotatable on a horizontalaxis, jaw adjusting mechanism therefor including an actuating membercoaxial with the chuck and a driving pinion rotatable on an axis abovethe chuck axis and extending longitudinally thereof and operativelyconnected to said actuating member, reversing mechanism includingoppositely rotating gears disposed above the chuck axis having theiraxes extending longitudinally of the latter and means for selectivelyconnecting said gears frictionally to said adjusting mechanism, androtating means for said gears operative independently of the chuck andincluding a gear above the chuck axis and driving said gears in oppositedirections, a shaft driving said gear and disposed perpendicularly tothe axis of the chuck and above the latter, a motor, and gearing betweenthe latter and said shaft including a combined flywheel and gear.

16. A power operated jaw adjusting mechanism for the chucks ofhorizontal l'athes comprising a frame on the top ofithe lathe and havinga rotatable jaw adjusting gear at one end thereof, oppositely rotatinggears carried on said frame,

, frictionally controlled means carried on said frame'for selectivelyconnecting said gears to said jaw adjusting gear, a horizontal powerdriven shaft carried on said frame disposed perpendicularly to the axisof said-jaw adjusting gear, and

j means: between saidshaftand said oppositely rotating gears forrotating the latter in opposite directions.

17. A power operated jaw adjusting mechanism for the chucks ofhorizontal lathes' comprising a frame on the top of the lathe and havinga rotatable'jaw adjusting gear at one end thereof, oppositely rotatinggears carried on said frame, frictionally controlled means carried onsaid frame for selectively connecting said gears to said jaw adjustinggear, a horizontal power driven shaft carried on said frame disposedperpendicularly to the axis of said jaw adjusting gear, means betweensaid shaft and said oppositely rotating gears for rotating the latter inopposite directions, and a flywheel carried'on said shaft.

7 18. A power operated jaw adjusting mechanism for the chucks ofhorizontal lathes comprising a frame on the top of the lathe and havinga rotatable jaw adjusting member at one end thereof, oppositelyrotatingv gears carried on said frame, frictionally controlled meanscarried on said frame forselectively connecting said gears to said jawadjusting member, a horizontal power driven shaft carried on said framedisposed perpendicu larly to the axis of said jaw adjusting gear, meansbetween said shaftzandsaid gearsfor rotating the latter in oppositedirections, and means carried on said'frame and rotatable with said jawadjusting member automatically operative to disconnect said selectivelyconnectible mechanism after a predetermined rotation of said adjustingmember.

19. 'A power operated jaw adjusting mechanism for the chucks ofhorizontal lathes comprising a frame .on the top of the lathe and havinga rotatable jaw adjusting gear at one end thereof, oppositely rotatinggears carried on said frame for selectively connecting said gears tosaid jaw adjusting. gear including an adjusting lever 'pivotally mountedon said frame at one side of the axis of said jaw adjusting gear, ahorizontal power driven shaft carried on said frame disposedperpendicularly to the axis of said jaw adjusting gear and extending tothe opposite side of said axis rom the pivot of said adjusting lever,and means between said shaft and said gears for rotating the latter inopposite directions.

20. In combination with a lathe'having a chuck provided with jawadjusting mechanism, a motor, and driving connections between said motorand said adjusting mechanism rotatable by'sa'id motor independently ofthe speed of said chuck and including a high speed flywheel adapted to"increase the impelling force of the driving connections and operative toassist in a jaw adjusting operation, and controlling mechanism betweensaid flywheel and said adjusting mechanism.

21. In combination with a lathe having a chuck provided with jawadjusting mechanism, a motor, and high speed driving connections betweenthe same and said adjusting mechanism including a flywheel adapted toincrease the impelling force of the'driving connections and rotatable onan axis perpendicular to the chuck axis and extending in the samedirection as the axis of the motor armature and controlling mechanismbetween said flywheel and said adjusting mechanism.

22 In combination with a lathe having a chuck provided with jawadjusting mechanism, power operated driving means including a flywheelrotatable on an axis perpendicular to the chuck axis, and drivinconnections between said flywheel and said adjustingmechanismincluding-"friction controlledreversing mechanism rotatable onan axis extending in the same direction as thechuek axis and havingmeans for establishing different predetermined limits for gripping andreleasing the work and manually adjustable control means adjustablebetween said limits.

23. In combination with a lathe having a spindle and a chuck thereonprovided with jaw adjusting mechanism, power operated mechanism foractuating said adjusting mechanism rotatable by power independently ofthe speed of said spindle and including a flywheel, oppositely rotatingelements rotatable by said fly wheel, and manually controlled frictionmechanism for selectively connecting said elements to said adjustingmechanism, all of said power operated mechanism being disposedexternally of said spindle.

24. In combination with a lathe having a spindle and a chuck thereonprovided with jaw adjusting mechanism, power operated mechanism foractuating said adjusting mechanism rotatable by power independently ofthe speed of said spindle and including a flywheel, reversely rotatingelements driven by said flywheel, manually controlled friction mechanismfor selectively connecting said elements to said adjusting mechanism,and means for differently limiting the range of said friction mechanismin closing and opening operations.

25. In combination with a lathe having a chuck provided with jawadjusting mechanism, power operated mechanism for actuating saidadjusting mechanism including a flywheel, oppositely rotating elementsdriven by said flywheel, manually controlled friction mechanism forselectively connecting said elements to said adjusting mechanism, andautomatic controlling mechanism for said manually controlled mechanismoperative automatically after a predetermined jaw movement.

26. In combination with a lathe having a power driven spindle and achuck thereon provided with jaw adjusting mechanism, power drivenmechanism for operating said adjusting mechanism comprising an actuatingshaft for the latter, reversely operating mechanism, frictionalreversing mechanism cooperating therewith and selectively connectible torotate said shaft reversely, and driving means for said reverselyoperating mechanism including a flywheel between the latter mechanismand the source of power and rotatable by power independently of thespeed of the lathe spindle.

27. In combination with a lathe having a power driven spindle and achuck thereon provided with revolvable jaw adjusting mechanism, powerdriven mechanism for operating said adjusting mechanism comprising anactuating shaft for the latter, reversely operating mechanism,frictional reversing mechanism cooperating therewith and selectivelyconnectible to different elements thereof to rotate said shaftreversely, a source of power, and operative connections between the sameand said reversely operating elements including a flywheel on the latheconstantly connected to said elements and rotatable by powerindependently of the speed of the lathe spindle and operable to adjustsaid jaws irrespective of whether or not said chuck is rotating.

28. A power driven opening and closing mechanism for chuck jawscomprising a driving motor, a rotatable member operative to open andclose the jaws of the chuck, and reversely operating driving gears,frictional reversing mechanism cooperating therewith and selectivelyconnectible to different gears to rotate said member reversely, andoperative connections between said motor and said reversely operatinggears including a flywheel rotatable by power independently of the speedof the lathe spindle.

29. The combination with a lathe having a chuck provided with jawadjusting mechanism, of power operated means for adjusting saidmechanism including a source of power operable independently of thespeed of rotation of the chuck, a flywheel driven by said source ofpower and rotatable thereby at high speed independently of the speed ofthe chuck, and means including manually adjustable control means betweensaid flywheel and said adjusting mechanism for enabling the momentum ofsaid flywheel to apply the increased power required during gripping andreleasing the work irrespective of whether or not the chuck is rotating.

30. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated driving mechanism therefor, a member movable synchronously withthe adjusting movement of the chuck jaws, and mechanism controlled bysaid member irrespective of the speed thereof and controlling theconnection of power to said jaws.

31. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated driving mechanism therefor, a member actuated by said drivingmechanism and movable thereby synchronously with the adjusting movementof the chuck jaws, and automatic knock-out mechanism actuated by saidmember and controlling the adjustment of said jaws.

32. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated driving mechanism therefor including a member movablesynchronously with the adjusting movement of the chuck jaws, andautomatic mechanism actuated after a predetermined travel of said memberand controlling the connection of power to said jaws.

33. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated mechanism for actuating said mechanism including a membermoving progressively into interrupting position as said jaws are openedirrespective of 120 the speed of the power operated mechanism, andmechanism actuated by said member for interrupting said openingoperation after a predetermined opening movement of said jaws.

34. In combination with a chuck having jaw 125 adjusting mechanism,power operated mechanism for actuating said mechanism having means forinterrupting said actuation after a predetermined movement of said jaws,and means for adjusting the extent of movement in accordance with therequirements of the work.

35. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated mechanism operative to actuate the same to open and close thechuck jaws, and supplemental automatically acting means independent ofthe speed of said power operated mechanism and moving synchronously withjaw movement in one direction for controlling said adjusting mechanismand interrupting jaw movement.

36. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated operating mechanism for said mechanism including a manuallyapplied friction device, and means independent of the resistance to jawmovement for 145 automatically releasing the friction deviceirrespective of the operators efforts to apply the same.

37. In combination with a chuck having J'aw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated operating 15G sci {T grip controlling mechanism,

mechanism'for said mechanism including a friction device, and meansindependent of the resistance offered by thework for automaticallyreleasing the friction device aftera predeterminedjaw adjustment. I

38. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated operating mechanismfor said mechanism including a frictiondevice, and means independent of the resistance to jaw movement forreleasing the frictiondevice including a power driven member movingsynchronously with a jaw and a friction knock-out actuated by saidmember.

39. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated operating mechanism for said mechanism including a frictiondevice having manually adjustable friction grip controlling mechanism,and power driven controlling mechanism for controlling the operation ofsaid last mentioned mechanism. Y

40. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated operating mechanism for said mechanism including a frictiondevice having manually adjustable friction and controlling mechanism forsaid last mentioned mechanism movable in predetermined relation to andsynchronously with jaw movement.

41. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated operating mechanism for said mechanism including africtiondevice having manually adjustable friction grip controlling mechanismand manually adjustable control means therefor, and safety meansautomatically operative to control the actuation of the latter tointerrupt the power drive after the jaws have moved relative to oneanother a predetermined distance.

42. In combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism, poweroperated operating mechanism for said-mechanism including a frictiondevice having manually adjustable friction grip controlling mechanism,and safety means automatically operative to interrupt the power drivebefore the friction device slips even when the latter is manuallyloaded.

43. The combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism andpower operating mechanism therefor, of mechanism for releasing saidoperating mechanism movable thereby synchronously with the movement ofsaid adjusting mechanism irrespective of the speed of said poweroperated mechanism or of the resistance offered by the work.

44. The combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism andpower operated operating mechanism therefor, of mechanism for releasingsaid operating mechanism in response to a predetermined extent ofmovement of said jaw adjusting mechanism movable by said operatingmechanism synchronously withthe movement of saidadjusting mechanism, andmeans for adjusting said releasing mechanism as the work requires,cadjustment to establish different limits for grip.-

ping and releasing the work.

45. The combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanismand poweroperated operating mechanism therefor, of mechanism-for releasing, saidoperating mechanism movable thereby synchronously with the movement ofsaid adjusting mechanism, and means for adjusting said releasingmechanism asthe work requires including provision for disconnecting saidreleasing mechanism from'said power operatingmechanism.

46. The combination witha chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism and poweroperated operating mechanism therefore, of mechanism for releasingsaidoperating mechanism movable thereby synchronously with the movement ofsaid adjusting mechanism, and means for adjusting said releasingmechanism as the work requires including provision for disconnectingsaid releasing mechanism from said power operating mechanism and amember thereby released for manual adjustment of saidreleasingmechanism.

i7. The'combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism andpower operated operating mechanism therefor, of means for releasing saidoperating mechanism movable thereby synchronously with the movement ofsaid adjusting mechanism and including a threaded member rotated as thejaws are adjusted, and releasing mechanism. actuated by said threadedmember.

48. I'he combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism andpower operated operating mechanism therefor, of mechanism for releasingsaid power operated mechanism operable by power synchronously with saidadjusting mechanism and including a threaded member, and means wherebythe powerdrive of said releasing mechanism maybe disconnected whileretaining said threaded member operatively connected to said releasingmechanism.

49; 'The combination with a chuck having jaw adjusting mechanism andpower operated operating mechanism therefor, of mechanism for releasingsaid power operating mechanism operable thereby synchronously with saidadjusting mechanism and including a threaded member and a sector movablethereby, and means for adjusting said releasing mechanism as the workrequiresincluding adjustable'stop means on saidsector.

50. In combination with a chuck having a rotatable jaw adjusting member,an opening and closing mechanism for said chuck having a rotatableopening and closing member rotatable on an axis'disposed longitudinallyof the-chuck axis and operatively connected to said jaw adjustingmember, reversible friction mechanism disposed coaxially with saidopening and closing member and including a shaft driving the latter, areciprocable friction sleeve on said shaft, cc-operating friction meansfor connecting said sleeve and shaft for reverse operation of thelatter, and friction controlling mechanism including lever mechanismoperating between said shaft and said sleeve.

51. In combination with a chuck having a rotatable jaw adjusting member,an opening and closing mechanism for said chuck having a rotatable'opening and closing member operatively connectedto-saidjaw adjustingmember, a shaft for said opening and closing member having anintermediate rack section, reversible friction mechanism operative torotate said shaft in oppcsite directions,- and operating mechanism forsaidfriction mechanism including a toothed member engageable with saidrack section.

52. In combination with a chuck having a ro tatable jaw adjustingmember, an opening and closingmechanism for said chuck having arotatable opening and closing member operatively connectedto said jawadjusting member, a shaft for said opening and closingmember having: in-

termediate rack sections on opposite sides of the same, reversiblefriction mechanism operative to rotate said shaft inoppositedirections,and op-- crating 'mechanism for said friction.mechanism 150 including toothedmembers each engageable with V a different racksection. I

53. In combination with a chuck having a rotatable jaw adjusting member,an opening and, closing mechanism for said chuck having a rotatableopening and closing member operatively connected to said jaw adjustingmember, a shaft for said opening and closing member having anintermediate rack section, reversible friction 'mechanism operative to'rotate the same in opposite directions including a sleeve reciprocableon said shaft, and operating mechanism for said friction mechanismincluding a winged segment on said sleeve engageable with said racksection, and a cooperating sleeve movable longitudinally of said firstmentioned sleeve to operate said winged segment. I

' 54. In combination with a chuck having a rotatable jaw adjustingmember, an opening and closing mechanism for said chuck having arotatable opening and closing member operatively connected to said jawadjusting member, a shaft for said opening and closing member havingintermediate rack sections on opposite sides of the same, reversiblefriction mechanism coaxial with said shaft and operative to rotate thesame in opposite directions including a reciprocable sleeve, andoperating mechanism for said friction mechanism including wingedsegmentscarried by said sleeve and engageable with said rack sectionsand means for reversely operating said segments.

55. In cembination witha chuck having a rotatable jaw adjusting member,a controlling mechanism for said chuck having a rotatable opening andclosing member operatively connected to said jaw adjusting member,friction nechanism disposed coaxially with said opening and closingmember and operative to rotate the same in opposite directions includinga shaft and co-operating friction means having a member movablelongitudinally of said shaft, and actuating mechanism for said frictionmechanism including a sleeve movable relative to said longitudinallymovable friction member, friction operating means actuated by saidsleeve, an external rack bar movable with said sleeve, and a' toothedsegment cooperating with said rack bar.

56. In a controlling mechanism for chuck opening and closing mechanisms,a rotatable opening and closing member having a shaft, frictionmechanism disposed coaxially therewith and operative to rotate saidmember in opposite directions including a friction member movablelongitudinally of said shaft, actuating mechanism for said frictionmechanism including a sleeve movable relative to said friction member,fric tion actuating means actuated by said sleeve, an external rack barmovable with said sleeve, and

.. operating mechanism for said bar including a toothed segment engagingsaid rack bar, and means for establishing different predetermined limitsfor gripping and releasing the work including means for"differentlyadjustably limiting the movement of said bar in opposite directions.

57. In combination with chuck jaw adjusting mechanism, an actuatingmember therefor, reversely rotating driving members, a shaft disposedcoaxially of said members and carrying said actuating member, a sleevereciprocable relative to said shaft, spaced oppositely disposed cones onsaid shaft and sleeve including cones on each a selectively engageablewith said driving members, and means for moving selected cones on saidshaft and sleeve in opposite directions into engaging position.

58. In a chuck opening and closing mechanism, a rotatable opening andclosing member, a shaft driving said member rotatable reversing gears onsaid shaft having oppositely disposed friction surfaces, a plurality off "iction cones'carried on said shaft co-operating with certain of saidsurfaces, a plurality of co-operating friction cones co-operating *withothers of said surfaces and coaxial with said shaft, and a reciprocatingsleeve on said shaft intermediate said gears and carrying said conesengageable with said other surfaces.

59. In a chuck opening and closing mechanism, a rotatable opening andclosing member, a shaft driving said member, rotatable reversing gearson said shaft each having oppositely disposed conical friction surfaces,and a plurality df cooperating friction cones cooperating therewith andcarried on said shaft certain of said cones on said shaft beingadjustable to take up wear and certain of the same being reciprocable onsaid shaft to effect reversal of the rotation thereof. 7,

60. In a chuck opening and closing mechanism, a rotatable opening andclosing member, a shaft driving the same, rotatable reversing gears onsaid shaft each having oppositely disposed conical friction surfaces aplurality of friction cones cooperating therewith and on said shaft,certain of said last mentioned cones on said shaft being adjustable totake up wear and certain others being reciprocable to effect reversedriving of said shaft, and friction adjusting means also havingoperative connections to said shaft.

61. An opening and closing mechanism for chucks comprising a shaftextending longitudinally of a chuck and carrying a rotating opening andclosing member operatively connected to the chuck jaws, a shaftperpendicular to said shaft, reversing gears on said first mentionedshaft and driven by said last mentioned shaft, and friction mechanismbetween saidgears and likewise on said first mentioned shaft forselectively connecting said gears to said shaft including means forestablishing different predetermined limits for gripping and releasingthe Work and manually adjustable control means adjustable between saidlimits. g a

62. An opening and closing mechanism for chucks comprising a shaftcarrying a rotating opening and closing member, a shaft perpendicular tosaid shaft, reversing gears and an inter mediate friction mechanism forconnecting said shafts, andknock-out mechanism for said frictionmechanism geared to said first mentioned shaft.

63. An opening and closing mechanism for chucks comprising a frame, ashaft carrying a rotating opening and closing member, a shaftperpendicular to said shaft, reversing gears and an intermediatefriction mechanism connecting said shafts, and knock-out mechanism forsaid friction mechanism including a shaft driven by said first'mentionedshaft, a segment operated by said driven shaft, a friction controllingmechanism, and means on a part of the latter operated by said segment.

64. In combination with a rotatable chuck opening and closing member, ashaft carrying member, means for adjustably limiting the move- 1 ment ofsaid movable member, and. means operajustably limiting the movement ofsaid bar, and means operatively connected to said shaft forautomatically shifting said bar after a predetermined rotation of saidrotatable member, said last mentioned mechanism including mechanismadjustable to vary the moment of shifting of said bar.-

LU'CIUS E. WHITON.

